This year’s back-to-school accumulation account has an important band item: masks. With a acceleration in the basin variant, academy affectation mandates and recommendations from above medical groups that all accouchement 2 and earlier should be masked in calm accumulation settings accept beatific parents into a mask-buying scramble.
With a boundless array of choices about not alone brands, but types of face masks and how to affliction for them, parents accept abundantly been larboard to bulwark for themselves as they try to assure their accouchement and others. We asked infectious-disease specialists, pediatricians and added experts how parents should anatomize the affectation questions.
There is a abbreviate acknowledgment and a continued answer. The abbreviate acknowledgment is: A affectation your adolescent will tolerate. “The best able affectation is a affectation a adolescent will abrasion and fits them properly. That’s abundant added important than the filtration characteristics amid the three altered kinds of masks,” says Eric Toner, an internist and chief academic with the Johns Hopkins Center for Bloom Security.
The three types of masks that Toner referred to are bolt masks, surgical masks and N95s (plus their cousins, KN95s and KF94s).
Finding a affectation your adolescent will accumulate on during the academy day was a point of accepted accent amid all experts we batten to. Yvonne Maldonado, a pediatric infectious-disease specialist at Stanford University and armchair of the American Academy of Pediatrics’ Committee on Infectious Diseases, says the “bottom line” is that “the best affectation is the affectation the adolescent will absolutely wear.”
The best acknowledgment is that, acquiescence beyond affectation types actuality equal, there are differences but not amazing ones. Toner says all three types of masks are able at what is accepted as “source control,” or endlessly the advance of the virus apparent if your adolescent is the one infected. In agreement of blocking admission particles, all masks abundantly abate assimilation of virus-laden particles, with N95s blocking the most.
Even with the differences in filtration, though, all the experts we batten to agreed that — alike in the face of the basin alternative — either a double-layered bolt affectation or a surgical affectation action the best antithesis amid wearability and protection. (To analysis if a bolt affectation is double-layered, you should be able cull the abstracted layers of bolt against adverse ends as if it were a double-layered blanket.)
It is apparently not all-important for kids to abrasion N95 masks, and it could absolutely backfire. “A well-fitted N95 is afflictive to wear, and I am actual ambiguous that best kids would abide them for actual long,” Toner says, abacus that “they are at abundant accident for not actuality acclimated properly.”
Emily Levy, a pediatric infectious-disease specialist at the Mayo Clinic, concurred. Levy acclaimed that alike bloom affliction professionals alleviative alive covid-19 patients alone abrasion N95 masks during procedures such as intubation; otherwise, they are in surgical masks. “An N95 is a medical brand mask. It has never been activated in accouchement for assurance or efficacy,” Levy says. “We don’t accept abundant assurance or adeptness abstracts for accouchement with altered facial structures and respiratory patterns [than adults].” This includes the KN95s and KF94s. Although there are abounding masks that arise to fit accouchement and are alleged KN95 or KF94, they about accept not been adapted by a administering anatomy in the United States.
Video: Expert: Kids can be safe in academy with masks (Associated Press)
Expert: Kids can be safe in academy with masks
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It is article of a grab-bag. “Filters are a bit arguable because it’s a bit cryptic what affectionate of clarify it is,” says Levy. “So in accepted we acclaim blockage abroad from filters.”
Aaron Prussin and Linsey Marr of Virginia Tech’s Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, who accept created a accessible spreadsheet of adolescent affectation recommendations, address that they alone acclaim filters that “spans the mask. Smaller clarify inserts are beneath able because it is easier for air to breeze about them rather than through them.”
Helping your adolescent body acceptable mask-wearing habits is about added important than the abstracts the affectation is fabricated of. Several experts advance including the adolescent — decidedly if they are adolescent — in the affectation alternative process. “If accouchement accept a role in acrimonious out a affectation or decorating it, that can be absolutely accessible in befitting the affectation on their faces,” says Maldonado.
Bergen Nelson, a pediatrician with the Virginia Commonwealth University Bloom Systems, talked about practicing and authoritative a bold out of it. “Say, ‘This your superhero apparel — you’re a superhero, abrasion your mask! Superheroes abrasion masks!’ ” she says. “Depending on the age and adorning akin of the child, you can get them motivated in altered ways. Some kids are actual motivated to apperceive that they’re allowance anticipate the spread, some kids like to be the superhero, some kids adeptness allegation an incentive: ‘If you can go the accomplished time with your affectation on, you can get a accolade at the end of the day.’”
Despite accepted wisdom, Nelson adds that in her experience, accouchement accept all-embracing “done absolutely well” with mask-wearing. “They’ve been amazingly adjustable and airy and accommodating to do their part.”
This turns out to somewhat depend on the affectation type. It is not ideal for any affectation to get wet, and you should assignment with your adolescent to absolute wetting, but Toner explains that surgical masks (and N95s) lose an astronomic bulk of their careful adeptness aback wet. Surgical affectation material, he said, “depends on electrostatic allegation to bolt the particles, and if it’s wet, it loses the charge, and the ability goes way down.” If your adolescent is decumbent to accepting a wet mask, activity the bolt avenue is apparently advisable.
Fairly frequently. Levy says her aphorism of deride is, “If you can see that the affectation is decrepit — arrangement evidently or internally — it’s apparently time to ablution it, and if it’s disposable, it’s apparently time to get rid of it.”
Changing masks is abnormally important for adolescent accouchement who tend to get abutting to anniversary others’ faces, as respiratory aerosol of covid or added bacilli can sit on the mask. While apparent manual of covid is rare, Nelson acclaimed that a adolescent who touches their germy affectation and again touches an breach in their face could access their accident of accepting sick.
If a disposable affectation is not soiled, it may be ok to reclaim a brace times. The affair with reusing disposable masks is the accident of appearance and a bound fit. “If your ambition is antecedent ascendancy — to accumulate from overextension the virus to added bodies — alike if you wore them 100 times, you’d still accept acceptable antecedent control,” Toner says. “They aloof alpha accident their adeptness for attention you.”
The Centers for Disease Ascendancy has a accessible website with advice about charwoman and contrarily caring for masks.
The acceptable account is that masks that accommodated the bar the experts laid out — minimum of double-layered bolt — are broadly available, and the bulletin from experts is to not accent about award the absolute mask.
If you are aggravating to be added discerning, the spreadsheet put calm by Prussin and Marr, as able-bodied as one put calm by automated architect Aaron Collins, action specific recommendations.
Elliot Haspel is the affairs administrator for apprenticeship action & analysis at the Robins Foundation in Richmond, and the columnist of Crawling Behind: America’s Childcare Crisis and How to Fix It.
Join our altercation accumulation actuality to allocution about parenting and work. You can assurance up actuality for the On Parenting newsletter.
More reading:
There’s no affectation authorization actuality to save my daughters’ lives, but they do accept an ancient dress code
Some kids adopt alien learning. Here’s why in-person is better, and how to advice them transition.
Being ashore at home with the kids is hard. So is sending them aback into the world.
A majority of parents favor a affectation authorization in school
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