How To Write 15 Am In Military Time

Nigerian soldiers angry Boko Haram affront in the North-East accept devised abnormal methods to cope with Post Alarming Accent Ataxia in the absence of affection healthcare, Godfrey George writes

Puffing on a stick of cigarette while continuing beneath a pear tree, 28-year-old Olarenwaju  was absent in a Fuji music announcement from his audio device. He stomped his larboard bottom to the rhythm, acceptable from ancillary to side. Abutting to him was a burglarize with a red allotment of bolt angry about its shaft. Olanrewaju gestured to our contributor to accompany him as he added the aggregate of the song.

“I adulation Ayinde Barrister’s songs a lot. It makes me balloon bad memories,” he said accidentally as some boys who came to the neighbourhood in Ikorodu, Lagos, to buy aliment from a bell-ringer hailed him.

Olarenwaju had above clocked at 28 a few canicule ago and was advancing to go aback to Maiduguri, Borno State, to ‘replace some collapsed heroes’ at the war front, angry Boko Haram affront which has ravaged the arena for years.

“I am adequate my activity now because annihilation can happen,” he said as he tore accessible a aroma of gin and downed it in one gulp. “I had been at the war advanced before. I accept apparent things. The aboriginal man I killed, to date, I still see him in my dream,” he said, axis bottomward the aggregate of the music to alpha his message.

“It was an order,” he acclaimed crisply. “‘Shoot!’ And I attempt him. It was in 2017. I was in Maiduguri. The aboriginal ammo hit the man on his nape and tore his arch open. I watched as he fell to his knees, and then, face down.”

“My oga (commander) said the man was an adversary of the accompaniment and did not deserve any mercy!” Olanrewaju added said, dispatch on his half-smoked cigar.

He went on, “Whenever I sleep, I see that man. I see claret blubbering out of his head. That anamnesis never leaves me; the account is alpha in my mind. Balloon this gun I am holding; I am not a blessed man. I am activity through hell. Sometimes, I feel like alarming my arch off so I can above accept peace.”

When Olarenwaju accustomed his aboriginal letter advertence that he had been deployed in Borno to accompany in the action adjoin Boko Haram, he said it was “as admitting it were the end of the world.”

He had above abutting the army a few years afore and anticipation it would booty a while afore he would be acquaint to the battlefield.

He was wrong. He was abashed aback he accustomed a announcement letter to one of the aggressive bases in the northeastern state.

“My mother was crying, allurement me not to go. I was abashed about what to do. I eventually told her I charge go,” he said.

Olarenwaju said he got an awkward acceptable aback he and over 100 added adolescent soldiers accustomed at the aggressive base.

According to him, some soldiers’ uniforms were covered with bloodstains. Some changeable soldiers were nursing a macho soldier’s leg.

He noted, “Seeing that alone traumatised me alike more. As I allege to you now, I can account that arena in my head. That night, we heard belief of bodies who had died the antecedent week. Two chief admiral had been atrociously afflicted and died afore they were agitated to the base. The belief not alone abashed me but fabricated me about ashen for a while. I anticipate the added boys additionally acquainted that way but afflicted to be fine.”

It dawned on Olanrewaju he was in for austere business afterwards his aboriginal operation during which one of his colleagues absent his life.

He said, “I heard he was the alone actual son of his father. I saw his corpse. The ammo broken through his skull. It was a bleeding sight; it fabricated me so scared. No one batten about what we had seen. Everybody was acting as if it was normal. I was blow my mind. The abutting day, we were aback at the battlefield. No retreat, no surrender!”

Olanrewaju’s articulation had gone decidedly low. His buzz rang. It was addition officer, Tunji, who promised to accommodated us at the collective soon.

Tunji came in with a ablaze smile that lightened up the atmosphere. He exchanged pleasantries with Olanrewaju afore he began to allotment his abounding abutting shaves with afterlife with our correspondent.

“I am not abashed of death. That is one affair that keeps me going. I apperceive that I can die any time. One time, on the battlefield, one of my abutting accompany was gunned bottomward in my attendance and we had to beforehand added to advance the enemy. To date, I feel guilty,” he stated, assuming our contributor some marks on his hands. “I cut myself best times afore I can sleep.”

Tunji paused for a moment and gestured to Olarenwaju who helped him ablaze up a cigarette. “I accept capital to annihilate myself several times,” he appear as he above smoke in the air through his aperture and nostrils, staring at our correspondent.

Asked if they had approved advice to cope with the agony acquired by their operations on the battlefield, Olarenwaju said, “Which one is trauma? Is it what you appetence to acquaint your superiors? Aback they say, ‘shoot!’, you shoot!”

In his response, Tunji said, “It was so bad one time that I would be above for about four hours. I wouldn’t apprehend or see anyone or anything. I would be hallucinating. I confided in a acquaintance who told me to address to the hospital for some brainy check, but I am a man. We are accepted to be able as soldiers.”

Before the end of our correspondent’s appointment with Olanrewaju and Tunji which lasted for about four hours, they had both beat over 10 sticks of cigarette, 11 sachets of gin and two baby bottles of a absinthian drink.

The American Psychiatric Association defines PTSD as a psychiatric ataxia that may action in bodies who accept accomplished or witnessed a alarming blow such as a accustomed disaster, austere accident,  agitator act, war, abduction or who accept been threatened with death, animal abandon or austere injury.

PTSD has been accepted by abounding names in the accomplished such as “shell shock” during the years of Apple War I and “combat fatigue” afterwards Apple War II, but it does not above appear to action veterans. PTSD can action in all bodies at any age. It affects about 3.5 per cent of the United States adults every year, and an estimated one in 11 bodies will be diagnosed with PTSD in their lifetime.

People with PTSD accept intense, advancing thoughts and animosity accompanying to their acquaintance that aftermost continued afterwards the alarming blow has ended. They may bethink the blow through flashbacks or nightmares; they may feel sadness, abhorrence or anger; and they may feel alone or conflicting from added people.

They may additionally abstain situations or bodies that admonish them of the alarming event, and they may accept able abrogating reactions to article as accustomed as a loud babble or an adventitious touch.

Shedding added ablaze on the condition, a assistant of Analytic Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Benin, Edo State, Caroline Ofovwe, said, “PTSD is a brainy bloom affair that affects the accustomed lives of bodies who accept accomplished alarming contest like accustomed disasters, car accidents, abuse, actuality in the war advanced and all added forms of trauma.

“PTSD could be suffered by anybody who has accomplished a anatomy of trauma. Agony is subjective. This agency that what an alone sees as awful alarming may not be so for addition individual.

“For PTSD, it is an cold affair in that it has affection accompanying it and if those affection persist, they actualize dysfunctionality such that the alone may no best go about their amusing activity or anatomic activity the way they acclimated to.”

According to a contempo analysis by Deborah Onyine, Roland Okoro and Adamu Zimboh, titled, ‘The Prevalence of abasement and post-traumatic accent ataxia amid internally displaced bodies in Maiduguri, Nigeria,’ the accident of PTSD in Nigeria ranges from 40 to 42 per cent.

The cardboard additionally highlights the aerial prevalence of abasement and PTSD amid Nigerians and calls for structural interventions to accord with brainy bloom problems.

In addition analysis by Olutoyin Sekoni appear in August 2021, it was begin that PTSD could be associated with brainy disorders such as abasement and anxiety. It was additionally declared that PTSD accomplished calm with added brainy disorders, or on its own adeptness accord to a cogent abridgement in affection of life.

Research analytical the prevalence and accident factors associated with PTSD suggests that it is associated with a ambit of socio-demographic characteristics.

In Nigeria, area there accept been a advanced ambit of alarming experiences, the prevalence of PTSD is said to ambit broadly amid 2.7 and 66.7 per cent.

Experts analyze pointers of PTSD in Nigeria to accommodate political and ethnoreligious abandon and alley cartage accidents. Its appearance in soldiers like Olanrewaju and Tunji, who are at the centre of violence, is bigger imagined.

A confined soldier, who gave his name artlessly as Somtochukwu, told our contributor that he captivated amid six and nine bottles of booze whenever he was off duty.

“I above accept to drink. I charge to balloon some of these things in my head. They are too much,” he said.

Though Somtochukwu banned to accord capacity of what his aboriginal operation was, he explained that he already afield dead a woman whom he mistook for an insurgent.

He said, “All I heard was ‘Wayo!’ and she fell to the ground. My colleagues confused on as admitting annihilation had happened. I was cogent them that I had dead addition and they said, ‘collateral damage’ and confused on.

“I stood there for a while and looked at her. Her eyes were opened and it was like she was attractive at me. I larboard the arctic in 2018, but the anamnesis consistently flashes in my head.”

The 37-year-old soldier said he additionally suffered from connected headaches because he acquainted accusable of killing the woman.

He said, “Most times you see me, I am talking to myself. My arch is pounding. My apperception is blaming me. Until I bark and booty a canteen of beer, it does not stop.”

A changeable soldier, artlessly articular as Chika, explained that admitting she didn’t go to the war front, her break at a aggressive abject in the northeast fabricated her active at night.

She said, “I don’t beddy-bye well. I accept watched abounding bodies die appropriate afore me. One of my accompany kept cogent me to booty affliction of his son and wife as he died. I cried all through that night as they took him out. The abutting day, anybody dressed up and went about their accustomed duties.

“There was a day one of the inferior admiral took a biologic balance and died. A actual adolescent man in his 30s above died like that. Alone God knows the demons he was fighting. We are dying, not above from Boko Haram and ISWAP (Islamic Accompaniment West Africa Province) attacks, but from our own experiences.”

The Nigerian Army on February 26, 2020 appear that a anatomical at the theatre command in the North-East went ‘berserk’, murdered four of his colleagues, afflicted two others and dead himself.

In 2018, there were abundant letters of soldiers who allegedly committed suicide. In Borno, it was appear that a soldier committed suicide afterwards killing a colleague. That aforementioned year, addition address showed that a soldier opened blaze at a aggressive adeptness in Abuja, killing one aide and abasing addition afore fatally ripping afar his own aperture with the rifle.

In November 2020, a soldier in the North-East reportedly opened blaze on a captain, killing him afore axis the gun on himself. Five months earlier, in June 2020, an army captain complex in Boko Haram war committed suicide while adeptness a psychiatric appraisal in Borno State.

Another address declared that a Nigerian Army captain who led an emergency acknowledgment aggregation was gunned bottomward in Adamawa Accompaniment by a adolescent soldier who after took his own life. The adventure occurred at the 7 Division Medical Centre in Maiduguri on June 18, 2020, aggressive sources had told The PUNCH.

The analgesic soldier was said to accept been drafted to the North-East from the Nigerian Army 22 Armoured Brigade in Ilorin, Kwara State, to action Boko Haram.

Although the army authorities did not accord explanations on the affairs surrounding these adverse incidents, they all had traces of brainy disorders.

Interestingly, allegation of a contempo analysis by Brig.Gen. Gbenga Okulate (retd.), which acclimated army admiral as participants, announce that six analytical factors accord to “murders and murder-suicide.” These are breadth of deployment, alarming experiences, poor concrete and brainy abundance of troops, apropos about the abundance of ancestors members, poor rehabilitation services, and claimed tragedies. Sadly, these issues are rarely addressed because of poor psychosocial support.

Some soldiers accept been on the battlefield for four years, thereby accretion the affairs of actuality agreeable to brainy collapse.

Corroborating suicides amid troops angry Boko Haram insurgents, assorted sources told our contributor that the amount had added decidedly over the years.

One said, “I can acquaint you that in my base, we accept had about three cases amid March and November 2021. We are alike advantageous because, in addition base, they accept had up to nine. We charge help. I accept apparent things that accumulate me alive all night. I accept captivated on for so continued but don’t apperceive for how continued I may be able to. It gets worse by the day.”

Another antecedent said, “I may not be able to accord you a number, but above apperceive that best of us actuality are blow our minds. I am abashed that aback I assuredly retire, I may not be able to chronicle able-bodied with my family. All I apperceive is death.”

In his research, Okulate declared that, “these adventures traumatised survivors,” abacus that the aggressive had abiding abounding casualties.

Reuters, for example, appear that amid June 2018 and September 2019, aegis professionals estimated aggressive casualties “at anywhere from hundreds of soldiers to in balance of 1,000. The aggressive has not appear blow abstracts but denies that abounding soldiers accept been killed.”

Okulate noted, “The soldiers feel betrayed and alone by their country. Claimed tragedies, such as deaths of ancestors and the breakdown of their marriages affronted these issues. The spouses of two of the participants died while they were at the war front. Others anecdotal how some spouses had confused on.

“One changeable soldier had told Okulate, ‘Some homes accept been scattered…What has become of their wives? Added men accept taken over their wives. A aeon of two years, four years and advancing aback their wives are abundant for added men’. Soldiers alter in their adeptness to handle the mix of structural, organisational, and claimed issues. Some accept called murder-suicide as a way out or access to aperture their frustrations.”

In a post-traumatic academy organised in November 2021 by the Army Headquarters Department of Transformation and Innovation, the Nigerian Army bidding apropos over PTSD amid its personnel.

The army’s Chief of Transformation and Innovation, Maj. Gen. Charles Ofoche, said there was a charge for acquaintance of the ailment, which he accepted was on the rise.

According to him, the acquaintance will advice to accommodate the accent affection in adjustment to accomplish bargain operational risks, added efficiency, and bigger operational effectiveness.

He said, “The purpose of the academy is to actualize acquaintance on the accretion incidences of Acute Accent Reaction, Acute Accent Ataxia and Post-Traumatic Accent Ataxia amidst the troops and its furnishings on aggressive operations.

“The Nigerian Army intends to draw acquaintance of commanders to the accent affection to accomplish bargain operational risks, added efficiency, and bigger operational effectiveness.”

The Chief of Army Staff, Lt. Gen. Faruk Yahaya, who was represented at the academy by the Chief of Operations (Army), Maj. Gen. Olufemi Akinjobi, additionally accustomed “accumulated accent as able-bodied as added brainy disorders” was one of the implications of troops’ captivation in war adjoin insurgency.

He added, “It is envisaged that cartoon the acquaintance of ataxia at the cardinal akin will advice in the conception of the appropriate action for the administering of afflicted troops’ abundance and administration.”

A adviser analyst at the Yaba Psychiatric Hospital, Lagos, Dr Funmi Akinola, apprenticed the soldiers with affection of PTSD to seek help, advertence that it adeptness affectation austere threats to them and the nation at ample if larboard untreated.

She said, “They accept to allocution to a therapist. There are no two means about it. The army needs to accommodate cerebral abetment to them so that aback they appear home, they’d acquisition some anatomy of solace. I argue for the Nigerian Navy and it was one of the actual issues why I was assassin ­­– to accord with PTSD.

“These soldiers charge somebody to allocution to. They charge be able to say all the things that are on their minds. If they cannot sleep, they charge advice so they can sleep. This is built-in out of an cutting anxiety.

“If  annihilation is done aback they appear aback (from the war front), they may alpha accepting issues with their wives and families. That is why sometimes they end up bubbler and abusing substances above so they can forget. But, already the aftereffect of these drugs is gone, the affair is still there. That is area counseling comes in. They charge to see a analyst or a analyst to advice them cope.”

Akinola additionally apprenticed the army to accouter its bloom accessories with cadre who could advice the troops action the condition.

Decrying the accompaniment of some facilities, she said, “In some of these facilities, the able things accept not been done. Some of them would not appetence to allocution to addition who they already know. They may charge to allocution to an outsider. It is acceptable they will accessible up added to addition they don’t apperceive than to a administrator in their own facility.

“It is not all of these accessories that accept the appropriate personnel. Some of them do not accept amusing workers. How can you say you appetence to amusement psychiatric issues after a amusing worker? Is it the doctor that will be block the patients around? Aback they are acquaint alfresco the abject area they are diagnosed, best times, their superiors may not acquiesce them to go to the dispensary to abide the analysis sessions. That is area the amusing artisan comes in. The amusing artisan would chase up on the accommodating and be abiding they are demography their drugs.”

According to a assistant of Analytic Attitude at the Imo Accompaniment University, Nwachukwu Uwaoma, the army needs to “upgrade its accessories to clothing all-embracing best practices in the military.”

He noted, “In aggressive psychology, the alpha point is to recruit able analytic psychologists into the aggressive who would accord them, alike afore they go to the war front, the bang on what to apprehend at the war front. They would be accustomed psychotherapy that involves the amalgamation of what they are activity to accommodated over there. The basal affair is to adapt their minds and brainy processes. Aback they are able and accept absolute brainy attitude, it is abundant easier for them.

“They accomplish suicide and resort to self-harm because they feel alone and rejected. They feel that the nation for which they fought has alone them. Some of them and their families are not taken acceptable affliction of and it seems like there is no achievement and future. Some of them would not be answer for years.

“When a soldier allotment with these abrogating images, the aboriginal affair he wants to see is a actual amusing acceptable mentally, emotionally and financially. Aback these things are not there, he feels alone and above wants to end it.  This is area the psychologists appear in. If they don’t go through psychotherapy, those things would appear back. The affliction book is what is accident in Nigeria. These bodies (soldiers) are alone and are emotionally detached.”

He apprenticed the army to not acquiesce abiding troops to anon mix with association until they underwent binding anchor brainy ‘stopovers’.

Also, a analyst at the Yaba Psychiatric Hospital, Lagos, Mr Marcel Aguwa, said troops should be adjourned application an appraisal apparatus to analysis if they had PTSD.

He said, “This would run amid three and six weeks afore one would achieve that the affection are those affiliated to PTSD. The affection ambit from denial of sleep, accident of appetence and actuality abuse. There would be cases of numbness. They may become aloof to acknowledge to threats about them. Addition affair is that they may above advance some affectionate of tiredness to assignment and would not appetence to abide that accent afresh because of the pictures in their minds.”

Also commenting on the issue, Ofovwe, a analytic psychologist, said the acquaintance of PTSD in Nigeria was low admitting the absolute factors that could access the accident of accepting it.

She said, “There is a charge to actualize an acquaintance of the actuality of such a action as PTSD so that aback affection are experienced, they (the soldiers) can anon seek help. There is no charge to stigmatise the actuality of PTSD. It can be managed appropriately by professionals.”

When our contributor accomplished out to the Director, Army Public Relations, Brig. Gen. Onyema Nwachukwu, on Wednesday, December 1, for comments, his band rang out and he did not acknowledge to the argument bulletin beatific to his phone.

This anchorman approved afresh on Friday, December 3, to get Nwachukwu’s comment, but his band rang out. He additionally did not acknowledge to the argument bulletin beatific to him on the matter.

He additionally did not acknowledge to reminders beatific to him on Monday and Wednesday.

When contacted, the Director of Press, Ministry of Defence, Mrs Victoria Agba-Attah, directed our contributor to Nwachukwu, adage that she didn’t accept the ascendancy to allege on the matter.

“I don’t alike apperceive what they (soldiers) are activity through. It is alone the PRO of the army that would apperceive because he is the one who interfaces anon with them,” she added.

On whether allocations are actuality fabricated for the soldiers’ medical and brainy bloom needs, she said, “It is alone the Minister (of Defence) that can allocution to you on it. I don’t accept any information. You can address formally for an audience, then, you appear and allocution to him.”

 

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